How to Use Japanese Public Restrooms (Etiquette & Tips)

Japan’s public restrooms are known for their cleanliness, accessibility, and advanced technology. For first-time visitors, the control panels and etiquette can feel unfamiliar. This guide explains the main toilet types, how to use a washlet (bidet toilet), and what manners to follow so you can feel confident anywhere in Japan.

1. Types of Toilets in Japan

Japan offers three main types of toilets, depending on the facility and location:

• Western-style Toilets (Washlets): Equipped with bidet spray, heated seats, and automatic flush systems.
• Japanese-style Squat Toilets: Found in older buildings, parks, and small train stations.
• Multi-purpose Accessible Toilets: Spacious, family- and wheelchair-friendly, often with baby tables.

Each type is clearly marked in most public facilities with English labels such as “Western”, “Japanese”, or “Accessible”.

Western-style Washlet Toilet

Japanese-style Squat Toilet

Accessible Multi-purpose Toilet

2. How to Use a Japanese Washlet (Bidet Toilet)

1. Sit down (washlets are designed for seated use).
2. Press Wash / Rear (洗浄 / おしり) to clean; adjust pressure/temperature with ＋ / −.
3. Press Stop (止) to finish. Use toilet paper to pat dry.

Official manuals (English): TOTO WASHLET Instruction Manual (2023)

3. Where to Find Public Toilets

• 🚉 Train/Subway stations: JR & Metro stations have multiple, clearly signposted restrooms.
• 🏬 Department stores & malls: Often on each floor; very clean and accessible.
• 🏞 Parks & tourist spots: Basic facilities; mix of squat and Western types.
• 🏪 Convenience stores: Many allow customer use; ask staff politely.

Tokyo Metro’s barrier-free info (English): Creating Subways that are Easy and Comfortable for Everyone

4. Toilet Etiquette in Japan

General cultural tips: Japan-Guide: Japanese Toilets (English)

5. Eco & Accessibility Features

• Sensor-based flushing and energy-saving heated seats
• Baby care rooms in major shopping centers
• Growing availability of gender-neutral restrooms in urban areas

6. Hygiene & Handwashing

Wash hands thoroughly; many facilities offer automatic soap dispensers and air dryers. Carry a small hand towel in case dryers or paper towels aren’t available.

7. Final Thoughts

Japanese public restrooms embody hospitality and hygiene. Once you understand washlet buttons and local etiquette, even a quick restroom stop becomes a comfortable, stress-free part of your trip.